Impact of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus on Pulmonary Function Tests
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31351/vol32iss2pp25-32Keywords:
pulmonary function tests, DM2,, restrictive patternAbstract
Background: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder that may affect different organs including the lungs. Different studies have been published on the effects of diabetes mellitus on pulmonary function. A restrictive pattern of lung disorder was reported in some studies, whereas an obstructive pattern was suggested in others. The study aims to determine the impact of type 2 diabetes on pulmonary function tests (PFTs) and the type of respiratory disorder. Material and Methods: This observational study was conducted in Basrah City, Iraq. One hundred and eighty-two participants were enrolled and divided into 2 groups: 100 healthy (group1) and 82 patients with type2 diabetes mellitus (group 2).PFTs were estimated by a medical spirometer and measurements of several hematological tests were done for each individual. Results: We found a significant decline (p >0.05) in each of FEV1, FVC, PEF, and MVV and a significant increase in ELA in group 2. The restrictive pulmonary disorder was a higher percentage (24.39%) than obstruction (10.9%) and combined (2.43%). Conclusion: Pulmonary function tests were significantly affected by type2 DM and the percentages of different respiratory disorders were higher among group 2 than in group 1, with an increase in restrictive pattern.
References
Unwin N, Gan D, Whiting D. The IDF Diabetes Atlas: Providing evidence, raising awareness and promoting action. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2010;87(1):2–3.
Forbes JM, Cooper ME. Mechanisms of diabetic complications. Physiol Rev. 2013;93(1):137–88.
Soriguer F, Goday A, Bosch-Comas A, Bordiú E, Calle-Pascual A, Carmena R, et al. Prevalence of diabetes mellitus and impaired glucose regulation in Spain: The [email protected] Study. Diabetologia. 2012;55(1):88–93.
Sampol G, Lecube A. Type 2 diabetes and the lung: A bidirectional relationship. Endocrinol y Nutr (English Ed [Internet]. 2012;59(2):95–7. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.endoen.2012.02.003
Teeter JG, Riese RJ. Cross-sectional and prospective study of lung function in adults with type 2 diabetes: The atherosclerosis risk in communities (ARIC) study. Diabetes Care. 2008;31(10).
AMERICAN DIABETES ASSOCIATION. Diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Care. 2008;31(SUPPL. 1).
Singh S, Bodas M, Bhatraju NK, Pattnaik B, Gheware A, Parameswaran PK, et al. Hyperinsulinemia adversely affects lung structure and function. Am J Physiol - Lung Cell Mol Physiol. 2016;310(9):L837–45.
Sewa DW, Ong TH. Pulmonary function test: Spirometry. Proc Singapore Healthc. 2014;23(1):57–64.
Glady CA, Aaron SD, Lunau M, Clinch J, Dales RE. A spirometry-based algorithm to direct lung function testing in the pulmonary function laboratory. Chest [Internet]. 2003;123(6):1939–46. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1378/chest.123.6.1939
Mohammed SH, Jabbr AS, Ibrahim NK. Impact of parasitic infection with Ascaris lumbricoides on pulmonary function tests in asthmatic and non-asthmatic children. Respir Med Case Reports [Internet]. 2021;34(July):101552. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rmcr.2021.101552
Paramothayan S. Essential respiratory medicine. John Wiley & Sons; 2019.
von Elm E, Altman DG, Egger M, Pocock SJ, Gøtzsche PC, Vandenbroucke JP. The strengthening the reporting of observational studies in epidemiology (STROBE) statement: Guidelines for reporting observational studies. Int J Surg [Internet]. 2014;12(12):1495–9. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijsu.2014.07.013
Shah SH, Sonawane P, Nahar P, Vaidya S, Salvi S. Pulmonary function tests in type 2 diabetes mellitus and their association with glycemic control and duration of the disease. Lung India. 2013;30(2):108–12.
Graham BL, Steenbruggen I, Barjaktarevic IZ, Cooper BG, Hall GL, Hallstrand TS, et al. Standardization of spirometry 2019 update an official American Thoracic Society and European Respiratory Society technical statement. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2019;200(8):E70–88.
Litao MKS, Kamat D. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-reactive protein: How best to use them in clinical practice. Pediatr Ann. 2014;43(10):417–20.
Weykamp C. HbA1c: A review of analytical and clinical aspects. Ann Lab Med. 2013;33(6):393–400.
Nuiman MAK. Reduced Pulmonary Function in Type 2. Diabetes Care. 2004;i(August 2003).
Alkinany ASG. Pulmonary function tests in male patients with type II diabetes mellitus. J Basrah Res. 2013;39(3).
Davis TME, Knuiman M, Kendall P, Vu H, Davis WA. Reduced pulmonary function and its associations in type 2 diabetes: The Fremantle Diabetes Study. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2000;50(2):153–9.
Mittal S. Evaluation of Pulmonary Functions in Patients of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus : a Cross-sectional Study. 2022;i:1–11.
Rogliani P, Ora J, Di Daniele N, Lauro D. Pleiotropic effects of hypoglycemic agents: implications in asthma and COPD. Curr Opin Pharmacol [Internet]. 2018;40:34–8. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.coph.2018.01.002
Thuesen BH, Husemoen LLN, Hersoug LG, Pisinger C, Linneberg A. Insulin resistance as a predictor of incident asthma-like symptoms in adults. Clin Exp Allergy. 2009;39(5):700–7.
Balducci, Stefano, Sacchetti, Massimo, Haxhi, Jonida, Orlando, Giorgio, D’Errico, Valeria, Fallucca, Sara, Menini, Stefano, Pugliese G. Physical Exercise as therapy for type II diabetes. Diabetes Metab Res Rev [Internet]. 2014;32(30):13–23. Available from: http://libweb.anglia.ac.uk/
Fuso L, Pitocco D, Condoluci C, Conte E, Contu C, Rizzi A, et al. Decline of the lung function and quality of glycemic control in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Eur J Intern Med [Internet]. 2015;26(4):273–8. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejim.2015.02.022
Gibson GJ, Whitelaw W, Siafakas N, Supinski GS, Fitting JW, Bellemare F, et al. ATS/ERS Statement on respiratory muscle testing. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2002;166(4):518–624.
Al-jadaan, S. A., & JabbarAlkinany AS. Impact of benzene exposure on lung functions of fuel stations workers in Basra City, Southren of Iraq. Int J Pharm Sci Heal Care. 2017;2(7):31–6.
Jabbar AS, Mohammed RN. Impact of paints exposure on pulmonary function tests of male workers in basrah city,south of Iraq. Int J Pharm Res. 2020;12(2):1322–8.
Noori IF, Jabbar AS. Impact of weight reduction surgery on static and dynamic lung volumes. Ann Med Surg [Internet]. 2021;66(June):102457. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amsu.2021.102457
Mason RJ, Broaddus VC, Martin TR, King TE, Schraufnagel D, Murray JF, et al. Murray and Nadel’s Textbook of Respiratory Medicine E-Book: 2-Volume Set. Elsevier Health Sciences; 2010.
Walker BR, Colledge NR. Davidson’s principles and practice of medicine e-book. Elsevier Health Sciences; 2013.
Mori H, Okubo M, Okamura M, Yamane K, Kado S, Egusa G, et al. abnprmalities of pulmonary function in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. 1992;31(2).
Benbassat CA, Stern E, Kramer M, Lebzelter J, Blum I, Fink G. Pulmonary function in patients with diabetes mellitus. Am J Med Sci [Internet]. 2001;322(3):127–32. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000441-200109000-00003
Biadgo B, Melku M, Abebe SM, Abebe M. Hematological indices and their correlation with fasting blood glucose level and anthropometric measurements in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in Gondar, Northwest Ethiopia. Diabetes, Metab Syndr Obes Targets Ther. 2016;9:91–9.
Chen LK, Lin MH, Chen ZJ, Hwang SJ, Chiou ST. Association of insulin resistance and hematologic parameters: Study of a middle-aged and elderly Chinese population in Taiwan. J Chinese Med Assoc [Internet]. 2006;69(6):248–53. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1726-4901(09)70251-5
Wang Y, Yang P, Yan Z, Liu Z, Ma Q, Zhang Z, et al. The Relationship between Erythrocytes and Diabetes Mellitus. J Diabetes Res. 2021;2021.
Tayebeh Mottaghi FK, Khorvash F, Mohammadreza M, Kheirrollahi M, Askari G. Association Between BMI and Inflammation Among Diabetic Polyneuropathy Patients Abstract. Int J Prev Med. 2019;8.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Iraqi Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences ( P-ISSN 1683 - 3597 E-ISSN 2521 - 3512)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
